Fat doesn’t just pose problems for your belly and subway turnstiles; it also can mess with your throat. About half of obese people have the chest-burning condition called GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease). The thinking is that extra fat in the belly pushes down on your stomach, thereby opening the angle of the GE junction and pushing it toward the chest. (Remember, it’s at an acute angle to keep food from going back up your throat every time you eat.) The pried-open angle makes it easier for acid and food to be pushed back up. Plus, the extra fat in the belly puts pressure on the contents of your bowel. More pressure, more GERD. What’s the big deal? Besides the unpleasant sensation of tasting your food on the way up, GERD also burns your esophagus—in the same way that the sun burns your skin. After a burn, it takes a couple days to heal, but if the burning happens over and over, it means you’re burning the tissues and are more likely to develop cancer there, just like repeated sunburns increase your risk of skin cancer. Taking half a full aspirin or two baby aspirin (you want 162 mg) with a glass of water decreases this risk by about 35 percent. By the way, alcohol, coffee, pepper, acidic foods like tomatoes and OJ, and, to a lesser degree, chocolate increase GERD symptoms. The best way to manage symptoms until you lose weight is to avoid meals within three hours of bedtime and to put blocks under the head posts of your bed so that you sleep at a slight tilt. (Pillows usually don’t work, since your head will typically roll off the pillow.)
Archive for July, 2009
The Word on GERD
Jul 17
At the bottom of your stomach and top of your intestines, your food hits an important traffic signal: It’s the red light that tells your brain you’re full and don’t need another large order of onion rings (or the cheese sauce for dipping or the beer to wash it down). That red light is delivered by the vagus nerve, which is a large nerve that comes from the brain and stimulates the contraction of the stomach. The vagus nerve is also the main cable controlling the parasympathetic system, which is the relaxation section of your nervous system. YOU-reka! The key messenger switching the vagus on is a peptide produced in your gastrointestinal track called CCK, which is released when your bowel senses fat. Technically, it stands for cholecys-tokinin, but for our purposes, let’s think of it as the Crucial Craving Killer because its main purpose is to tell your brain via the vagus nerve that your stomach feels fuller than a Baywatch bathing suit.
Fat (as in funnel cake)
Jul 7
It gets broken into smaller particles of fat and gets absorbed as fat. Good fats (like those found in nuts and fish) decrease your body’s inflammatory response, and bad fats increase it. That inflammatory response, which we’ll explain in the next posts, is a contributing factor to obesity and its complications. If you’re exercising and have used up all readily available carbohydrates (sugar), your muscles can use fat for energy, which is a great way to erode your love handles.
Protein (as in meat)
Jul 2
It gets broken down into small amino acids, which then go to the liver. If the liver can’t send them to your muscles (say, if you’re not exercising and don’t need them for muscle growth or maintenance), then, yep, they get converted to glucose, which then gets converted to fat if you can’t use it for energy.